Sitting behind convenience store counters or on the shelves of vape shops are brightly packaged gummies, capsules and small bottles. These drugs are marketed to boost energy, help focus or help relax. They look harmless and they are easily purchased. But health officials warn that a legally sold substances are our youth at risk.
Often referred to as “gas station drugs,” many of these products are not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. They are commonly marketed as dietary supplements, mood enhancers or natural remedies, creating the perception that they are safe.
One substance that drew significant concern in Kentucky is tianeptine, sometimes called “gas station heroin.” Lawmakers classified it as a Schedule I controlled substance, making it illegal to possess or sell in the state. Before the ban, it was sold under brand names such as ZaZa, Neptune’s Fix, Pegasus and TD Red. Tianeptine acts on opioid receptors and can lead to dependence, withdrawal symptoms and overdose.
Another compound raising alarms is 7-hydroxymitragynine, or 7-OH, a potent derivative of kratom. Concentrated or synthetic versions can be up to 13 times stronger than morphine. It has been marketed in forms resembling candy or gummies, which can appeal to younger consumers.
Kratom itself remains legal in Kentucky in natural, nonconcentrated products that contain no more than 2% 7-hydroxymitragynine. It is sold as powders, capsules, gummies and liquid “shots.” The FDA has not approved kratom for any medical use and has warned of risks including dependency. Teens may see it promoted on social media outlets as a “natural” way to boost mood, manage pain or ease stress.
Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol, commonly known as delta-9 THC, is another widely available product in Kentucky under certain conditions, despite remaining illegal under federal law. Delta-9 THC is the primary psychoactive compound in marijuana and produces the classic “high,” including euphoria, relaxation and altered sensory perception. It is sold in gummies, vape cartridges, edibles, oils, capsules and THC-infused beverages.
High-potency THC use has been linked to an increased risk of psychiatric disorders, including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. Additional side effects can include elevated blood pressure, breathing problems, addiction and impaired memory and concentration which can more harmful during teenage brain development. THC products will typically result in a positive drug test.
Phenibut, sold under names such as Anvifen, Fenibut and Noofen, is also legal in Kentucky. It is known for a high risk of dependence and severe withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety, insomnia and tremors. Often marketed as a dietary supplement for relaxation or focus, phenibut does not meet the FDA’s definition of a dietary ingredient. There is no minimum age requirement for purchase.
While most of these products carry a minimum purchase age of 21, enforcement varies, and teenagers can obtain them through friends, purchase themselves or via online retailers.
Legality should not be confused with safety. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to addiction and long-term cognitive effects because their brains are still developing. What appears to be a harmless gummy, or supplement can carry risks like controlled substances.
For parents, educators and community leaders, the challenge is awareness. This market is ever changing, and new drugs or formulas are being discovered often. Teenagers and young adults need to be reminded that because something is sold legally and packaged to look appealing does not mean it is safe.
By Amy Pike
amy@adairvoice.com
